Explosive-engine.



PATENTED JAN. 20,.1903.

H. J. HURD.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION nun APR. 5, 1901.

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No. 718,933. PATENTED JAIL-20, 190s.

H. J. HURD.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 6, 1901. H0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEE'I 2.

PATENTE-D JAN. 20, 1903.

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No. 718,933. PATENTEDJAN.20,1903. H. J. HURD.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIOATIOF FILED APR. 5, 1901.

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I-IOBERT J. HURD, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE ACME OIL ENGINE 00., OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE.

$PEGIF1GATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,933, dated January 20, 1903.

Application filed April 6, 1901. Serial No. 54,495. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HOBERT J. HURD, a citi-- zen of the United States, and a resident of Bridgeport,in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in explosive-engines; and it consists in certain details of construction relating to the control of the oilsupply to the engine by means of the variable speed of the governor acting directly against the pump-plunger that actuates the inlet oil-valve leading into the pump-chamber and the outlet oil-valve leading therefrom to the combustion-chamber, so that a variable oil-feed is obtained direct from the governor instead of the unsatisfactory hit-and-miss methods usually adopted on engines of the class to which my invention belongs.

To enable others to understand my invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a vertical side elevation of the engine, showing a broken central sectional view of the balance-wheel, sectional view of the air-valve located in the crank-case, showing also a part of said crank-case broken away; Fig. 2, a vertical side elevation, partly in section, of the cylinder, combustion-chamber, and oil-pump with balance-wheel removed. Fig. 3 is an upper plan view of an arm adapted to be pivoted at one end to the crank-case, whose upper free end carries a rock-shaft journaled therein, a roll on the arm of said rock-shaft engaging with a broken portion of one of the weighted governor-arms, also broken view of the pump-plunger. Fig. 4 is a broken view, partly in section, of the balance-wheel,broken view of the pump-plunger and pump-plunger-adjusting rod and their tension-springs, broken pivoted arm carrying the rock-shaft, shown at Fig. 3, sectional view of the crank-shaft and pin on which one of the weighted governor-arms is pivoted. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the combustion-chamber, broken sectional view of the engine-cylinder piston and connecting-rod, showing the piston at its extreme upper position. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the passages or ports leading from the combustion-chamber to the cyl inder through line a of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a broken modified construction of the pumpplunger and its actuating mechanism.

Its construction and operation are as follows:

l is the cylinder; 2, the piston; 2 the connecting-rod; 3, the exhaust-port; 4, the airport; 5, the head or outer wall of the combustion-chambem-G, the outer-casing of said head, having the aperture 7 for the admission of the flame for heating the head 5.

5 is the combustion-chamber, having the two openings 8 and 9 leading from said chamber to the interior of the cylinder.

10 is the crank-chamber case, and 10 the crank-chamber, and 11 the air-valve for admitting air thereto.

After one explosion in engines of this character there is trouble in getting the proper mixture of oil and air in the combustion-chamher for the second explosion owing to products of combustion in the form of carbon di oxid which remains in said chamber.

With my present construction I have provided means whereby the combustion-chamher is thoroughly cleaned of all impurities after each explosion. When, therefore, the piston has uncovered the air-port 4, Fig. 2, an air-current rushes from the crank-chamber (see arrows) up through the passage 4 into the cylinder, thence into the combustionchamber through the opening or port 8, then down through the port or opening 9 into the cylinder again, and out through the exhaustport 3. This strong circulating draft of fresh air effectually removes all the gaseous byproducts of combustion in the chamber 5, and thus leaves said chamber in proper condition for a pure explosive mixture.

12 is the crank-shaft, and 13 the balancewheel, carrying a centrifugal governor, of which 14 and 15 are the governor-weights pivotally hung on the stud 16.

17 is the oil-pump, having the chamber 17 and pump-plunger 18.

19 is the inlet oil-valve, and 20 the outletvalve, and 21 the pipe leading therefrom and connecting with the injecting-tube 21*, which tube connects with the combustion-chamber.

22 is an eccentric mounted on the crankshaft, which is pivotally connected to the gt o arm 23 by the pin 24. The lower end of this arm is pivotally supported on the stud 25, projecting from the crank-case. The upper end of this arm carries the rock-shaft 26. (See Figs. 3 and 4.) 27 is an arm secured to one end of said shaft by the pin 28. The lower end of this arm carries the roll 29, adapted to be engaged by the outer surface of the governor-weight 15. The opposite end of the rock-shaft 26 carries the thrust-block 30, with which the wedge-shaped end 18 of the pump-plunger 18 engages. Only one governor-weight can operate on the roller 29, due to the fact that the eccentric 22 is set to carry said roller out of engagement with the other weight'whe'n it comes uppermost. The two governor-weights are used merely as a counterbalance one for the other.

31 (see also Fig. 2) is the pump-plungeradjusting rod,which is supported in the lower portion of the oil-pump 17. One end of this rod is threaded and carries the adjusting nut 3.2. On the opposite end is the vertical arm 33, whose upper end is forked to furnish a support for the end of the pump-plunger 1 8, as shown more clearly at Fig. 3. 34 is a shoulder on said plunger and between which and the stuffing-box gland 35, Fig. 2, is the spring 36. v

37 is a spring interposed between the arm 33 and the oil-pump on the adjusting-rod 31.

38 is a housing on top of the arm 23, which carries the tension-spring 39 and screw 40. 41, Fig. 4, is a disk under this spring bearing directly against a flat place on the thrust-- block 30 for the purpose of keeping or returning it in its normal position.

The reciprocating movement of the pumpplunger 18 will, of course, draw oil into the chamber 17 and force the same up into the combustion-chamber 5, and the amount of oil is regulated entirely by the throw of the governor-weights. Asv the weights move in and out under the variable speed of the englue the rock-shaft 26 oscillates in response thereto, and the travel of the pun1p-plunger 18 is governed by the contact of the thrustblock 30 with the tapered end of said rod. 'When the speed of the engine has reached too high a point, the rock-shaft will have turned, so as to bring the end of the pumpplunger over the depression 30 of the thrustblock, and thus leave said plunger free to move forward, so as to bring the shoulder 34 against the vertical arm 33 of the adjustingrod 31, when the pump-plunger will cease workingaltogether. Theinclinebetween the highest and lowest points of the thrust-block determines the amount of oil forced up into the combustion-chamber, and the travel of the pump-plunger can be regulated by the position of the adj usting-rod 31. By this arrangement I obtain a positive variable feed direct from the governor instead of the unsatisfactory hit-and-miss methods usually adopted on engines of this class.

In the modified construction shown at Fig.

7 the vertical wedge 42 is used in place of the thrust-block 30. (Shown atFig.4.) One face of this wedge is smooth to engage with the end of the pump-plunger, while the other face is provided with the rack 43 to engage with the teeth 43 in theperiphery of the head 44. Therefore the movement of the governorweights will rotate the rock-shaft in the same manner as before mentioned, which will turn the segmentally-toothed head 44 and raise or lower the vertical wedge 42, and when the said wedge has risen far enough to allow the head 34 of the pump-plunger to engage the vertical arm of the adjusting-rod the further movement of said rod will cease, and consequently the flow of oil stopped.

45 is a rearwardly-projecting arm of the wedge 42, on the top of which rests the disk 41, so as to keep the wedge in place.

The port or passage 8, Fig. 5, enables the deflector 2 to enter said passage when the piston is at its extreme upward position, and thus reduce the clearance to a minimum, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the explosion and adding greatly to the efficiency of the engine.

While I show and describe certain features relating to the combustion-chamber and cylinder of an explosive-engine and the particular mechanism pertaining thereto, I wish it to be distinctly understood that these features form no part of my present invention, which invention relates exclusively, as before mentioned, to mechanism for controlling the stroke of the pump-plunger through the governor, so that a variable oil-feed is maintained to the engine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.-

1. The combination, in an explosive-engine having a centrifugal governor and a crankshaft, of an eccentric mounted on said shaft, an arm connected with and actuated by said eccentric, one end of said arm pivoted on a IIO fixed point, the other end of said arm free and carrying a rock-shaft journaled therein, an oil-pump, a plunger therefor, said rock-shaft adapted to be intermittently actuated by one of the governor-weights and carryinga thrustblock Whose face is adapted to engage the outer end of said plunger so that, by the centrifugal action of the governor-weights, the said thrust-block is also actuated and the travel of the pump-plunger regulated for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in an explosive-engine of the character described, of an oil-pump carrying inlet and outlet valves, and having a pump-plunger operatively mounted therein, a shouldered portion on the outer projecting end of said plunger, a spring interposed between said shouldered portion and the oilpump, a stationary rod adapted to be adjusted and lying parallel with said plunger and carrying a right-angle stop adapted to embrace tion, and adapted thereby to limit the outward travel of said plunger, said adjustingrod carrying a spring adapted to maintain it in an outward position, for the purpose set forth.

3. The herein-described improvement in an explosive-engine of the character described, consisting in combination with a crank-shaft and a balance-wheel carrying a centrifugal governor, of an arm pivoted by one end to a stationary part of the engine, an eccentric mounted on said crank-shaft and pivotally connected to said arm whereby a rocking movement is imparted to said arm, the free end of said arm carrying a rock-shaft, an arm on said rock-shaft carrying a roll and a thrustblock, said roll adapted to engage with one of the governor-weights, an oil-pump having inlet and outlet valves, a plunger, a shouldered portion thereon, the outer end of said plunger adapted to engage with the said rockshaft thrustblock, an adjusting-rod arranged to operate parallel with said plunger, a forked stop on said rod adapted to embrace said plunger and be engaged by the said shouldered portion thereof and thus operate to limit the outward movement of said plunger, springs on said rod and plunger to maintain them in an outward position, for the purpose set forth.

4. The herein-describedimprovement in an explosive-engine of the character described having a cran k-shaft and a balance-wheel carrying a centrifugal governor, which consists of an eccentrically-operated arm whose free end carries a rock-shaft, a friction-roll and thrust block on said rock -shaft, said roll adapted to engage one of the governor-arms so as to actuate said rock-shaft, means Whereby said engagement is maintained, an oilpump carrying inlet and outlet valves and a plunger therefor, the outer free end of said plunger adapted to be engaged by the rockshaft thrust-block, an adjusting-rod, a stop thereon to limit the outward travel of said plunger, springs to maintain the outward position of said rod and plunger, for the purpose set forth.

5. The herein-described improvementin an explosive-engine of the character described having a crank-shaft and abalance-wheel carrying a centrifugal governor, and an oil-pump carrying inlet and outlet valves and a plunger, which consists of an arm pivotally supported to a stationary part of the engine, and an eccentric mounted on the crankshaft and pivotally connected to said arm, the free end of said arm carrying a rotatable cam to actuate said plunger in one direction, a spring to actuate said plunger in the opposite direction and an adjustable stop to limit the outward travel of said plunger, substantially as shown and described and for the purpose set forth.

Signed at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, this 4th day of April, A. D. 1901.

HOBERT J. HURD. Witnesses:

JOHN B. GLAPP, RUssELL GLENN. 

